Category Archives: Doongerwadi Process

A brief overview of our Dokhmas

(1). In India, there are 124 DOKHMAs.

(2). Overseas these are TWO; both in Karanchi, at Pakistan.

(3). The oldest, at Bharuch, is 713 years old (since 1309 A.D.).

(4). The next, at Ankleshwar is 505 years old (since 1517 A.D.).

(5). SEVEN DOKHMAs 350 years ago, in 1672 A.D., were built at Bombay, by Mr. Hirji Mody-Vatchha.

(6). Surat has a record number of 12 DOKHMAs, but their foundation period is not known.

Also, at Surat is the largest of all such Structures; with 476 Recesses, or Compartments. It is the only DOKHMA with an additional (Fourth) Circular, Concentric Ring for Still-born Infants.

(7). The last-ever consecrated DOKHMA is 82 years old, existsing since 1940 A.D., at Bangalore. It has 60 Recesses; 36 for Males and 24 for Females-&-Children.

(8) At Ahmedabad, of the 03 DOKHMAs, that which is extensively used since 1842 A.D., is now 180 years old.

On 25-06-2022, the middle DOKHMA at Ahmedabad has been, in accordance with the SoPs of the GoI, and under the directive from the Honourable Supreme Court of India, been reset to consign the Corpse of those of our Humdeens, succumbing to the COVID (Corona Virus Disease).

 

Courtesy : Naval Daruwala, Ahmedabad

Supreme Court Approves Revised Protocol Agreed By Centre & Parsi Body For Funeral Rites Of COVID Victims

Good news for the community. The petition filed by Surat Parsi Panchayat was taken up by the Hon’ble Supreme Court today. Mr Fali Nariman and Mr Zerick Dastur appeared on behalf of the Petitioners. Mr Tushar Mehta Solicitor General appeared on behalf of the Union of India.  It was submitted before the Court that the parties had agreed upon on a standard operating procedure for disposal of parsi covid 19 victims by way of the Dokhmeneshini system. Accordingly the Hon’ble Court was pleased to pass an order allowing Dokhmeneshini system for Parsi Covid victims in terms of the agreed protocol which confirms to the tenets of the Zoroastrian faith and also addresses safety concerns of the Government. The Gujarat High Court Order has accordingly been set aside and the proceedings to be governed in terms of the agreed protocol.

The news is indeed a positive development for the community where the trustees of the Surat Panchayat, respected High Priest Dasturji Kotwal and the legal team comprising Mr Fali Nariman and Zerick Dastur along with Karanjawalla & Co (the same legal team which represented the community in the Mumbai metro matter) put in efforts together to bring about a successful outcome. They were supported by prayers and good wishes from numerous community members who were concerned and who desired to ensure that Parsi Zoroastrians who succumb to covid get a disposal with dignity and in accordance with their religious traditions.

Read the full detailed report here –
https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-approves-revised-protocol-for-parsi-funeral-rites-of-covid-victims-191197?infinitescroll=1

Geh-Sarna Ceremonies during Covid-19 Pandemic

FOR INFORMATION OF PARSI COMMUNITY

Hitherto, the Geh Sarna ceremony of Parsis who have succumbed to Covid-19 could not be performed as the mortal remains are being consigned directly by the MCGM under police supervision to the crematorium. Families and relatives of Parsis who have tested positive and passed away may note that I can perform Geh Sarna ceremony at the worli crematorium but only difference will be the mortal remains will not be opened remaining in the hearse in parking lot and thereafter it will be cosigned to crematorium furnace directly by the hearse personals according to MCGM guidelines without any disturbance of mortal remains.

All subsequent 4 days ceremonies will be held by me at the Prayer Hall, where the relatives will be allowed to witness by sitting arrangements done in the portico adjoining the hall according to MCGM GUIDELINES of distancing and care of individuals. Mortal remains & their 4 days ceremonies of natural cause of death other than COVID-19 will be as usual in the Prayer Hall itself in normal circumstances.

I am ready to serve the Parsi/ Irani community in this crises of pandemic to be contacted 24×7 on Mobile No’s 8691012488 / 9821421593 Ervad Framroze Sohrabji Mirza

Initiative to extend financial support to Parsi Pallbearers

Zoroastrian Charity Funds of Hong Kong, Canton & Macao

initiative to extend financial support to Parsi Pallbearers

(Nassesalars & Khandhias) employed at various Dakhmas in India.

In Zoroastrian theology all dead matter is considered unhygienic and polluting.  Parsi Pallbearers (Nassesalars & Khandhias) are corpse bearers invested with Priest like duties and responsible for protecting the living from contamination by the corpse. Theologically Pallbearers are supposed to hold a venerated position, but that is sadly not the case in present day and times.

It is only Zoroastrians who do not have recourse to any other professional positions who gravitate towards becoming Pallbearers at functional Doongerwadi’s / Towers of Silence at various parts of India, especially the west coast.     

The incomes of Parsi Pallbearers are not only modest compared to other professions, but they function under extremely trying conditions that often cause emotional strain.

With a view to providing our Parsi Pallbearers some financial relief as well as to make them feel appreciated, WZO Trust Funds requested the generous and caring Trustees of Zoroastrian Charity Funds of Hong Kong, Canton & Macao, to consider extending financial support to this segment of our community, which they readily and willingly agreed. WZO Trust Funds thereafter requested various Anjumans that have Towers of Silence (Dakhmas) under their jurisdiction to provide us with a list of individuals that served as Pallbearers.

We have now received a final list of 76 individuals who perform the duties of Pallbearers at various Towers of Silence (Dakhmas). Upon the recommendation of WZO Trust Funds, the Trustees of Zoroastrian Charity Funds of Hong Kong, Canton & Macao have agreed to financially extend support on a quarterly basis (July-Sept 2019) onwards amounting to Rs.22,500 (Rs.7,500 per month) for a period of one year, thereafter to be reviewed and considered for renewal.

It is hoped that the support that will be extended will not only provide a modicum of financial relief to the Parsi Pallbearers but will also make them realise that the community appreciates their services.

It will not be out of place to reiterate that Trustees of Zoroastrian Charity Funds of Hong Kong, Canton & Macao have as an institution been extending maximum support through WZO Trust Funds to Zoroastrian individuals in India requiring assistance for meeting medical expenses, towards the pursuit of higher education, providing financial relief on quarterly and piecemeal basis to individuals who are economically challenged or in different forms of distress. The present initiative is yet one more illustration of their large heartedness, benevolence and concern for our community.

Prayers after Death

Pad-ruz Yane Uthamnani Mahan Kriya, a 1916 Gujarati book by Mr. Beheramshah Naoroji Shroff (પાદ-રૂઝ યાને ઉઠમણાંની મહાન ક્રિયા: ગુજરવા બાદ પહેલા ચાર દિવસની ક્રિયાઓની મોતેબરી – સચકાર, ગેહસારણું, તથા પાયદસ્તના અસલ કાયદાઓ તથા પાદ-રૂઝ યાને પાછલી રાતનાં ઉઠમણાંની ક્રિયા.

Click Here for – 2015.249383-Pad-ruz-Yane

THE ASSOCIATION FOR PERFORMANCE OF THE FIRST YEAR NECESSARY DEATH CEREMONIES OF THE PARSI ZOROASTRIANS

The Association for Performance of the First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies of the Parsi Zoroastrians

 E. Mithaiwala Agiary Compound, Jehangir Daji Cross Lane, Sleater Road, Grant Road (W), Mumbai 400007. Registration No. F-80 (Bom)

PUBLIC NOTICE

A Society by the name of The Association For Performance Of The First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies Of The Parsi Zoroastrians was founded in the year 1942 for the purpose of performing the essential death ceremonies of Parsi Zoroastrian individuals who desire to have the same performed for themselves, but do not have any relatives who will get the ceremonies performed.

 The Society is headed by Ervad Dr. Ramiyar Karanjia, Chairman of the Association, and ably guided by Ervad Aspandiar Dadachanji, Panthaky, Vatcha Gandhi Agiary, Mrs. Shernaz D.Mehta, Director, Zoroastrian Co-operative Bank Ltd. and other Trustees.

The Society has arrangements with a few Agiaries for the Performance Of The First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies in different areas in Mumbai and Pune. The Society has received a heartening response from many Zoroastrians and who have since become its members.

The Society  offers two Options:

Option 1 is the economical scheme, priced at Rs. 30,000/-, covering the essential after death ceremonies for one year including Muktad.

Option 2, priced at Rs.55,000/-, covers the essential after death ceremonies for one year including Muktad, a few days of rituals and one Vendidad.

 

Zoroastrians desiring to become members of this Scheme or for further details can contact :

Mr. Ariez Kharas. Administrator. Tel. 022 23870283 or 9769761284.

 

Ervad Aspandiar Dadachanji, Panthaky, Vatcha Gandhi Agiary, Hughes Road  Tel. 022 23803826 or 919820493812

Ervad Kersi Bhadha,Panthaky, M.J.Wadia Agiary, Lalbaug    Tel. 022 24702207

Ervad Viraf Pavri, Panthaky, B. C. Batliwalla Agiary, Tardeo Road  Tel. 022 23530142

 Ervad Hormuzd A.Dadachanji,Panthaky, Mithaiwala Agiary, Jehangir Daji Street, Grant Road (West)  Tel. 919820493812

 Ervad Rusi J.Katrak,Panthaky,Mehella Patel Agiary,Balaram Street, Grant Road.Mumbai 400 007.  

Ervad Parvez M.Bajan,Panthaky,Seth B.M.Mevawala Agiary,Victoria gardens,Byculla,Mumbai 400 027. Tel.23716799 (Res).

 Zoroastrians who desire to get their first year after death ceremonies performed should first become members of the Society by paying a nominal sum of Rs.51/- and, thereafter, can opt for either of the schemes mentioned above.

The Society is registered as per the Society’s Registration Act and also under the Bombay Public Trust Act and is being looked after by its Board of Trustees. Community members may take advantage of this Scheme depending on their needs.

A General Body Meeting of The Association will be held on Saturday,the 6th of January,2018 at 11 a.m. at the Administrative Office of the Association.

Dokhmenashini Vs Cremation – A Comparison

  1. Dokhmas are not only for disposal of dead bodies but also to liberate Ravan (soul)
    from the worldly attachments. (i.e. Maya in Gujarati). Cremation just disposes the
    body and there is no mechanism to liberate Ravan.
  2. Dokhmas are a consecrated place with long and exhaustive liturgical ceremonies
    done during the construction. No consecrated ceremonies exist for cremation.
  3. Natural elements like air, fire, water or earth are not defiled even one percent. While
    during cremation fire and air elements are defiled besides causing nuisance and
    health problems to the nearby localities. E.g. Chandanwadi at Dhobi talao.
  4. Dokhmas are kept open from the top, so as to allow sunrays to fall on the dead
    bodies. This has two types of effect on the bodies. First drying up of body so that
    putrefaction stops and secondly the minutest of body particles – atoms (or anasars)
    are taken up by the sun rays and given to Dahm Yazad – a Fareshta especially for this
    purpose. That is why the tenth day ceremony is known as ‘Dasmoo’. Cremation does
    not get benefit of sunrays.
  5. When a body part like limb etc. get separated due to accident or surgery, that part
    should also be given the benefit of Dokhmenashini though the human being is still
    alive. Each and every part of the body should be given the benefit of Dokhmenashini
    as well as Khorshed nagirashni, i.e. sunrays, so that every atom of the body goes to
    Dahm Yazad. This is a smooth transition from the physical to spiritual world. No
    benefit of sunrays if body is cremated.
  6. The death ceremonies of a Zoroastrian starts from Sachkar, Geh sahrnu and finally
    Dokhmenashini. When a body is consigned in Dokhma, no priest is required to
    perform any ceremony, but 101 cotton threads which were embedded in the
    Dokhma during construction time had absorbed these ceremonies done during that
    time (like CD or tape which records the sound) and these recorded ceremonies
    remain forever in Dokhma which help the Ravan of a Zarthosti to liberate from this
    world and it joyfully goes to its destination in the other world, i.e. Minoi world.
    Secondly, it cuts off lots of putrefaction (Naso). Once the Sachkar ceremony is
    started, no other person except Zoroastrian can see the dead body till it goes into
    Dokhma. Only after Dokhmenashini is done, afternoon and night Uthamna and
    Charum ceremony (4th day) can be performed. If a body is cremated, all the above
    ceremonies are null and void and has absolutely no effect on progress of Ravan.
  7. During first three days, the Zoroastrian Ravan remains in this world under protection
    of Sarosh Yazad, so that evil forces do not attack or capture it. That is why nobody
    has heard about Parsi ghost or witch. Crematorium has no protection of Sarosh
    Yazad.
  8. As per our religion, Dokhmas are revered as the holy place. That is why we have a
    prayer of “Dokhma-No-Namaskar” Whenever a Zarthosthi visits Doongerwadi, he is
    supposed to pray this Namaskar. While for burial ground or crematorium, there is no
    such prayer.
  9. When a dead body is put for cremation, the relatives – dear and near ones commit
    unpardonable sin of putting dead body on fire, which is revered as “Son of Dadar
    Ahura Mazda” and thus insulting the creator. When we want to fulfill our wishes, we
    run to Iranshah, Atashbehrams and agiaries fires and after that during the death you
    forget and defile the holy fire by doing cremation. What type of faith is it?
  10. Our prophet Asho Zarthushtra gave us strict instructions not to defile natural
    elements like fire, earth, water or air. Dokhmenashini takes care of all the elements.
    Remember, ours is the first religion of the world who proclaimed that the nature, i.e.
    environment should be protected.
  11. When a human body which is composed of kilos of proteins and acids burn, you get
    foul smell in the surroundings. We experience that while passing through
    Chandanwadi and worli areas. We inhale this foul smell which goes into your body
    and causes various diseases like T.B., Asthma, Cancer, etc. and also endangers birds,
    plantations, etc.
  12. Thousands of years back our prophet Asho Zarthushtra has shown the way and gave
    us the system of Dokhmenashini so that we can protect our environment. This
    system is appreciated by scientist who have studied it and found to be best, most
    efficient, most hygiene and perfect to the core. Cremation does not protect even
    one percent of environment.
  13. If a Zoroastrian wishes that he/she be cremated after his death or he has written in
    his last will, his near and dear one will be doing a great service to him/her by doing
    Dokhmenashini. They will be blessed by such Ravan, because this Ravan during his
    life time did not realise the true facts of the religion. In 1971 when a trustee of BPP
    went against Dokhma in favour of cremation and made tremendous propaganda, but
    could not succeed in his aim. On his death bed after sufferings, he wished that his
    body should be put in Dokhma and finally it was done. This is the natural way of
    realization of a human being whose thought went astray for some time.
  14. So long as a dead body of Zarthoshti is not laid down in Dokhma, its salvation does
    not take place. The birds are only for disposal of dead and not for salvation of Ravan,
    which every Zarthoshti understand. Khorshed yazad takes care of both.
  15. Dokhmenashini is most supreme for Zarthoshtis and that is why Dokhmas are sacred
    where Naso (microbes of infection) are destroyed and not created.
  16. During plague epidemic in Mumbai some years ago, 15 to 20 bodies used to come to
    Dokhma, but at that time no problem arose. No pallbearers died because of handling
    of dead and even birds were not affected. Similarly, during influenza epidemic no
    problem arose.
  17. Oh Parsis, behold and fear by disrespecting son of Dadar Ahura Mazda, i.e. fire. Think
    before you leap. Our forefathers used to say do not play with fire and that is very
    true.
    The above write up has been taken from lectures of our guru Behesti Minocher
    Nasserwanji Pundol saheb who was in close contact with Pak Magav Sahebs of
    Demavand koh.
    Summing up, those who do propaganda in favour of cremation and built the so called
    prayer hall at Worli, thereby bringing Zarthoshti towards cremation plus those mobeds
    who are doing fictitious ceremonies there, have taken curse of fire – son of Dadar Ahura
    Mazda and also of all Ravans put for burning.
    The above article has been written with the faith for those doubting about
    Dokhmenashini. We sincerely hope now that after reading the above points, they should
    change their thinking and stick to Zoroastrian customs, as enunciated by our beloved
    Prophet of Prophets Asho Zarathushtra.
    Amen!

 

Courtesy : Cyrus Cooper

Performance of the First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies

The Association for Performance of the First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies of the Parsi Zoroastrians.

  1. E. Mithaiwala Agairy Compound, Jehangir Daji Cross Lane, Slater Road,

Grant Road (W), Mumbai 400007. Registration No. F-80 (Bom)

 

A Society by the name of The Association For Performance Of The First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies Of The Parsi Zoroastrians was founded in the year 1942 for the purpose of performing the essential death ceremonies of Parsi Zoroastrian individuals who desire to have the same performed for themselves, but do not have any relatives who will get it performed.

 

The Society is headed by Ervad Dr. Ramiyar Karanjia, Chairman of the Association, and ably guided by Ervad Aspandiar Dadachanji, Panthaky, Vatcha Gandhi Agiary, Mrs. Shernaz D.Mehta, Director, Zoroastrian Co-operative Bank Ltd. and other Trustees.

 

The Society has arrangements with a few Agiaries for the Performance Of The First Year Necessary Death Ceremonies in different areas in Mumbai and Pune. The Society has received a heartening response from many Zoroastrians and who have since become its members.

 

The Society  offers two Options:

Option 1 is the economical scheme priced at Rs. 30,000/- and covers the essential after death ceremonies for one year.

 

Option 2 covers the essential after death ceremonies for one year including Muktad and is presently priced at Rs.55,000/-.

 

Zoroastrian individuals desiring to become members of this Scheme or for further details can contact :

Mr. Ariez Kharas. Administrator. Tel.: LL 23870283. Cell 9769761284.

 

Ervad Aspandiar Dadachanji, Panthaky, Vatcha Gandhi Agiary, Huges Road,

Tel. 022 23803826 or 919820493812.

Ervad Kersi Bhadha,Panthaky, M.J.Wadia Agiary, Lalbaug. Tel. 24702207.

Ervad Viraf Pavri, Panthaky, B. C. Batliwalla Agiary, Tardeo Road. Tel. 23530142

 

Ervad Hormuz A.Dadachanji,Mithaiwala Agiary,Jehangir Daji Street, Grant Road (West), Tel.9820493812.

Ervad Pervez M. Bajan,Mewawala Agiary,Byculla.LL: 23716799 or Cell: 9820379781.

Zoroastrians who desire to get their first year after death ceremonies performed should first become members of the Society by paying a nominal sum of Rs.51/- and thereafter can opt for either of the schemes mentioned above.

 

The Society is registered as per the Society’s Registration Act and also under the Bombay Public Trust Act and is being looked after by its Board of Trustees. Community members may take advantage of this Scheme depending on their needs.

Click Here for Options

Click Here for Application Form 

Urban Legend: Parsi pangs of change – when the sun delivers the soul

It’s a ceremony that few get to see men and women dressed in long white robes singing the song of silence in a temple.
The Parsi Tower of Silence  near Hebbal Flyover where the community conducts the last rites of its dead

 The Parsi Tower of Silence near Hebbal Flyover where the community conducts the last rites of its dead

Few outside the Parsi community in the city would have noticed it. But just as a 950-year-old Tower of Silence looms over Mumbai’s busy Kemp’s Corner, a Parsi Bawdi towers over a sprawling 14 acre orchard just off Hebbal flyover.  The ‘Towers of Silence ’ is where the community conducts the last rites of its dead. The vultures, the carrion that feed off the dead – the Parsi ritual of excarnation – no longer circle above the sacred spot where the Parsis laid out their dead. It’s the fire from the sun and the heat of the earth that reclaim the dead.

It’s a ceremony that few get to see men and women dressed in long white robes singing the song of silence in a temple. Around their waist is a silken thread and in the white sanctorum is a flame that burns 365 days of the year.

Allowed into this holy place are members of a small community of 800 or so in the city. Though few in number, the 280 Parsi families in Bengaluru preserve the world’s oldest religion, the religion of fire, Zoroastrianism.

Parsis have always been regarded with interest in the country owing to their rituals, that remain a mystery to most who can almost never hope to see them.
Closely guarded is the most unique ritual of all, the last rites for their dead performed at the Parsi Tower of Silence or “Dakhmeh.”

Here lifeless bodies are surrendered to nature and vultures in particular by the community that does not believe in either burial or cremation, seeing them as means of polluting the environment.

In Bengaluru, the tower is located in a massive 14 acre campus filled with mango, coconut and other trees overlooking the Hebbal flyover. Despite its massive size it remains inconspicuous and is rarely noticed by the speeding vehicles heading to the Bengaluru airport.

While its exact design is a mystery, the tower is believed to be a huge circular well-like structure with a flat roof. Its concentric circles, open to the sun and wind, are where the dead are left to decompose gradually as nature has its way.

With vultures no longer descending on the Tower of Silence to feed on the dead, as there are not many left in the city now, the community is forced to depend on the sun alone to decompose bodies and allow the dead to attain salvation.

“By custom the dead bodies must be  exposed to the sun and vultures, which are allowed to scavenge. But this has changed over the years as there are hardly any vultures around anymore and they don’t come to the Tower of Silence,” said Mr Shereyar D Vakil,secretary of The Bangalore Parsi Zoroastrian Anjuman.

The dwindling number of vultures, be it on the Malabar hill in Mumbai or near the Hebbal flyover in Bengaluru where the tower is located, ,may have robbed the community of a big part of its ritual for the dead, but it has innovated to fill the vacuum.

“As the community in Mumbai is much larger and sees more deaths , its Tower of Silence uses solar panels to hasten the decomposition process in the absence of vultures. However,  we are a small group in Bengaluru and as there are not as many deaths here, the Tower of Silence is hardly used, the last time being five months ago. So we don’t  need to install solar panels. The bodies are just exposed to the sun,” said Dastur (priest) Fardoon. With the vultures gone, its the rays of the sun that help the dead find redemption, he explains.

“When we die, we give our body to nature as charity. We  do not believe in burial as it pollutes the earth,” said Mr Vakil.

The departed souls are later remembered in a ceremony called Muktad conducted by a priest. A group of fire worshippers assemble at the Parsi Fire Temple, oblivious to the traffic on Queens Road, to  conduct the 10-day ceremony. The priest takes the names of those who have passed away and those assembled observe silence and pray.

Despite its roots in Iran, the community has Indianised in many ways since migrating to Sanjan in Gujarat. But it has never forgotten what gives it its unique identity: its culture, which has much to offer and also its distinctive funeral rituals involving homage to the sun and vultures that have intrigued the world for hundreds of years.

http://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/140816/urban-legend-parsi-pangs-of-change-when-the-sun-delivers-the-soul.html

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